Earth Sciences and Cooperation Enhancement Act of 2024

This bill authorizes the U.S. Secretary of the Interior to establish international agreements with designated "partner foreign countries" to share earth science data and resources. It prioritizes cooperation with nations having defense treaties, strategic mineral partnerships, or existing agreements, focusing on mineral assessments, geoscience data analysis, and training for sustainable resource management. The legislation allocates $3 million for fiscal year 2025, requiring at least 70% of funds to directly support these agreements and their activities. It affects U.S. agencies (via the Geological Survey) and partner countries through new frameworks for collaborative critical mineral resource data sharing.