HB 449 Texas House · 89th Legislature (2025)

Relating to the unlawful production or distribution of sexually explicit media using deep fake technology.

HB 449 would have made it a crime to create or share deepfake sexual media without the depicted person's consent, targeting AI-generated content that falsely shows real people in explicit situations. It defined "deep fake media" as computer-altered videos appearing authentic, and prohibited distributing such content showing a person's private body parts or sexual conduct. The bill applied only to offenses occurring after its effective date (September 1, 2025), and would have governed cases involving non-consensual deepfake content. However, the bill was vetoed by the Governor on June 22, 2025, so it never became law.
Bill status vetoed 4 of 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Feb 2025
Committee Review
May 2025
House Passage
May 2025
Senate Passage
May 2025
Vetoed
Jun 2025
Introduced Feb 28, 2025 Vetoed Jun 22, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons

What changed between versions

Engrossed Enrolled · 3 edits · May 31, 2025
MINOR
The bill text was reformatted from a legislative markup format to a clean enrolled version, with minor wording adjustments to the definitions of deep fake media and video. The substantive policy content remains unchanged.
TECHNICAL

Removed markup annotations and line numbers, converting the text to a clean enrolled format.

DEFINITION

Changed the heading from 'SEXUALLY EXPLICIT IMAGES OR VIDEOS' to 'SEXUALLY EXPLICIT MEDIA [VIDEOS]' and updated the definition text to use 'Deep fake media [video]' instead of separate image and video definitions.

Added bracketed alternatives '[a video,]' and '[with]' to the definition, indicating optional phrasing choices made during the legislative process.

Floor votes · House May 6, 2025

How they voted

This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
50
Key actions
15
Committee
11
Amendments
6
Jun 22, 2025
Vetoed
Vetoed by the Governor
executive
May 31, 2025
Upper · Passed
Signed in the Senate
upper
May 30, 2025
Lower · Passed
Signed in the House
lower
May 28, 2025
Introduced
House concurs in Senate amendment(s)-reported
upper
May 28, 2025
Introduced
Text of Senate Amendment(s)
lower
May 28, 2025
Introduced
House concurs in Senate amendment(s)
lower
May 24, 2025
Introduced
Senate Amendments Analysis distributed
lower
May 24, 2025
Introduced
Senate Amendments distributed
lower
May 24, 2025
Lower · Passed
Senate passage as amended reported
lower
May 23, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed
upper
May 21, 2025
Upper · Passed
Committee report printed and distributed
upper
May 21, 2025
Upper · Passed
Reported favorably as substituted
upper
May 20, 2025
Upper · Passed
Vote taken in committee
upper
May 20, 2025
Upper · Passed
Testimony taken in committee
upper
May 7, 2025
Committee
Referred to Criminal Justice
upper
May 7, 2025
Introduced
Read first time
upper
May 7, 2025
Introduced
Received from the House
upper
May 6, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed
lower
May 5, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed to engrossment
lower
May 1, 2025
Lower · Passed
Committee report sent to Calendars
lower
Apr 30, 2025
Lower · Passed
Committee report distributed
lower
Apr 22, 2025
Lower · Passed
Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
lower
Mar 25, 2025
Lower · Passed
Left pending in committee
lower
Mar 25, 2025
Lower · Passed
Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee
lower
Feb 28, 2025
Committee
Referred to Criminal Jurisprudence
lower
Feb 28, 2025
Introduced
Read first time
lower
2 primary · 7 co-sponsors

Sponsors