HB 149 Texas House · 89th Legislature (2025)

Relating to regulation of the use of artificial intelligence systems in this state; providing civil penalties.

HB 149, the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act, regulates how businesses use artificial intelligence systems that capture or store biometric data (like fingerprints or facial scans). It requires companies to obtain explicit consent before using biometric data for commercial AI purposes, unless the data was publicly shared by the individual themselves. The law exempts financial institutions retaining voiceprints, AI training data, and systems used for security, fraud prevention, or investigating illegal activity. Violations result in civil penalties, and the law takes effect January 1, 2026.

Issues: ✓ Technology

Bill status signed all 5 stages cleared

Introduction

Mar 2025

Committee Review

May 2025

House Passage

Jun 2025

Senate Passage

Jun 2025

Signed into Law

Jun 2025

Introduced Mar 14, 2025 Signed Jun 22, 2025

Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons

What changed between versions

Engrossed → Enrolled · 4 edits · Jun 22, 2025

MODERATE

The bill was finalized into its enrolled version with minor formatting and text corrections, including the addition of a new definition for 'Governmental entity' and expanded provisions for a regulatory sandbox program. The substantive policy content remains largely unchanged from the previous version, focusing on AI regulation, consumer protection, and enforcement mechanisms.

Scope change

The bill's scope remains focused on regulating artificial intelligence systems in Texas, with no significant changes to applicability criteria or jurisdictional reach.

DEFINITION

Added a new definition for 'Governmental entity' to exclude hospital districts and institutions of higher education from certain AI system restrictions.

TECHNICAL

Added a new section on the AI Regulatory Sandbox Program that allows testing of AI systems without full licensing requirements for a limited period.

Corrected formatting inconsistencies, spacing issues, and removed draft annotations from the bill text.

REQUIREMENT

Added specific requirements for quarterly reporting by program participants in the regulatory sandbox program.

Floor votes · House May 30, 2025

How they voted

This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).

Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions

Key actions

Committee

Amendments

Jun 22, 2025

Signed into law

Signed by the Governor

executive

Jun 1, 2025

Upper · Passed

Signed in the Senate

upper

Jun 1, 2025

Lower · Passed

Signed in the House

lower

May 30, 2025

Introduced

House concurs in Senate amendment(s)-reported

upper

May 30, 2025

Introduced

Text of Senate Amendment(s)

lower

May 30, 2025

Introduced

House concurs in Senate amendment(s)

lower

May 30, 2025

House · Passed

House Vote: pass (119-17-5)

house

May 26, 2025

Introduced

Senate Amendments Analysis distributed

lower

May 26, 2025

Introduced

Senate Amendments distributed

lower

May 24, 2025

Lower · Passed

Senate passage as amended reported

lower

May 23, 2025

Upper · Passed

Passed

upper

May 23, 2025

Upper · Passed

Passed to 3rd reading as amended

upper

May 23, 2025

Upper · Passed

Amended

upper

May 23, 2025

Introduced

Amendment(s) offered

upper

May 21, 2025

Upper · Passed

Committee report printed and distributed

upper

May 21, 2025

Upper · Passed

Reported favorably as substituted

upper

May 20, 2025

Upper · Passed

Vote taken in committee

upper

May 1, 2025

Upper · Passed

Left pending in committee

upper

May 1, 2025

Upper · Passed

Testimony taken in committee

upper

Apr 24, 2025

Committee

Referred to Business & Commerce

upper

Apr 24, 2025

Introduced

Read first time

upper

Apr 24, 2025

Introduced

Received from the House

upper

Apr 23, 2025

Lower · Passed

Passed as amended

lower

Apr 23, 2025

Lower · Passed

Amended

lower

Apr 22, 2025

Lower · Passed

Passed to engrossment as amended

lower

Apr 22, 2025

Lower · Passed

Amended

lower

Apr 11, 2025

Lower · Passed

Committee report sent to Calendars

lower

Apr 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

Committee report distributed

lower

Apr 2, 2025

Lower · Passed

Reported favorably as substituted

lower

Mar 26, 2025

Lower · Passed

Left pending in committee

lower

Mar 26, 2025

Lower · Passed

Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee

lower

Mar 14, 2025

Committee

Referred to Delivery of Government Efficiency

lower

Mar 14, 2025

Introduced

Read first time

lower

6 primary · 6 co-sponsors