Changes the default standard on statutory health proxy forms regarding life-sustaining treatment standards

This bill changes New York's default rules for health care proxies regarding life-sustaining treatments. It requires individuals creating health care proxies to explicitly state their wishes about artificial nutrition and hydration; if they don't, their agent cannot make decisions about these measures. The law directly affects people who create health care proxies and their appointed agents when making medical decisions for someone unable to communicate. The key change is replacing the previous default (where agents could decide based on "best interests") with a rule that agents lack authority over artificial nutrition/hydration without clear patient instructions. This applies to both new and existing health care proxies.