HB 1 Mississippi House · 2025 Regular Session

"Build Up Mississippi Act"; create.

HB 1, the "Build Up Mississippi Act," reduces Mississippi's income tax rate for taxable income over $10,000 to 3.75% in 2027, 3.5% in 2028, 3.25% in 2029, and 3% in 2030 and beyond, with potential further reductions after 2031 under specific fiscal conditions. It also imposes a 5% sales tax on grocery purchases starting July 1, 2025, and increases gasoline excise taxes to 27 cents per gallon by 2027. Additionally, the bill creates a new retirement system tier for state employees joining on or after March 1, 2026, combining a defined benefit component with a defined contribution plan requiring 9% employee contributions.
Bill status signed all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2025
Committee Review
Mar 2025
House Passage
Mar 2025
Senate Passage
Mar 2025
Signed into Law
Mar 2025
Introduced Jan 17, 2025 Signed Mar 27, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons

What changed between versions

As Passed the lower Current version · 10 edits
MAJOR
This bill fundamentally transforms Mississippi's tax structure by replacing the state income tax with a graduated system that phases out entirely by 2030, while simultaneously increasing sales and excise taxes on gasoline, food, and special fuels. The legislation also creates new special funds for transportation and budget stabilization, establishes a new tier in the state retirement system, and expands local sales tax authority for municipalities and counties.
Scope change
The bill significantly expands the scope of taxation by adding new local sales tax options for municipalities and counties, creating new special funds, and establishing a new retirement system tier, while reducing the scope of state income tax liability.
FISCAL

Replaced the state income tax with a graduated system that reduces rates from 5% to 3% by 2030, with an additional reduction mechanism tied to budget surplus conditions starting in 2031.

Created new special funds including a Budget Stabilization Fund, Maintenance and Capacity Projects Fund, and Strategic Multi-Modal Investments Fund.

Revised distribution formulas for gasoline and special fuel tax revenues, allocating portions to new funds and adjusting county distribution percentages.

TIMELINE

Increased gasoline and special fuel excise taxes from 18 cents to 21-27 cents per gallon effective July 1, 2025, with indexed increases every two years thereafter.

ELIGIBILITY

Imposed a 5% sales tax on retail food sales not purchased with food stamps, effective July 1, 2025, replacing the previous 4.5% rate.

SCOPE

Authorized municipalities with populations of 150,000+ to impose optional local sales taxes on specific business activities and retail food sales.

Authorized counties to impose optional sales taxes on business activities outside municipal boundaries.

REQUIREMENT

Established a new tier in the Mississippi Public Employees' Retirement System with defined benefit and defined contribution components for new members after March 1, 2026.

DEFINITION

Added new definitions for 'Hotel', 'Motel', and 'Restaurant' with specific criteria for local sales tax purposes.

ENFORCEMENT

Required municipalities imposing new local sales taxes to hold elections with a three-fifths voter approval threshold and establish oversight commissions.

Floor votes · Senate Mar 18, 2025 · House Jan 16, 2025

How they voted

3216
Passed · 3 other
Total votes 51
Mar 18, 2025
D Democratic16
4 Yea 12 Nay
75% Nay
R Republican35
28 Yea 4 Nay 3
80% Yea
Vote distribution
All Yea All Nay Mixed No data
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
19
Key actions
8
Committee
4
Amendments
2
Mar 27, 2025
Signed into law
Approved by Governor
executive
Mar 20, 2025
Lower · Passed
Concurred in Amend From Senate
lower
Mar 18, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed As Amended
upper
Mar 18, 2025
Upper · Passed
Amended
upper
Mar 17, 2025
Upper · Passed
Title Suff Do Pass As Amended
upper
Feb 17, 2025
Committee
Referred To Finance
upper
Jan 17, 2025
Introduced
Transmitted To Senate
lower
Jan 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed As Amended
lower
Jan 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
Amended
lower
Jan 14, 2025
Lower · Passed
Title Suff Do Pass As Amended
lower
Jan 10, 2025
Committee
Referred To Ways and Means
lower
1 primary · 11 co-sponsors

Sponsors