An Act improving medical decision making

HD 3290, "An Act improving medical decision making," updates Massachusetts law to streamline medical decisions for adults who become incapacitated without an advance directive (like a health care proxy or MOLST form). It establishes a clear priority order for surrogate decision-makers (spouse, adult children, then close friends) and requires surrogates to base decisions on the person’s known wishes or, if unknown, their best interests - considering values, beliefs, and treatment burdens/benefits. Health care providers must make a reasonable inquiry (e.g., checking records or contacting family) to identify a surrogate without court involvement, and are protected from liability for such inquiries. The bill does not apply when valid advance directives exist or for decisions involving mental health facility admissions.