ESAs; assessments; standards; accreditation.

HB 2577 requires Arizona's state board of education to implement statewide assessments in reading, writing, and math for students in at least four grades, ensuring tests are uniform, objective, and free from partisan viewpoints. It mandates the collection and public posting of specific nontest data (such as graduation and dropout rates by ethnicity) and sets strict deadlines for schools to receive test scores (May 15 for 3rd grade reading, May 25 for other subjects). The bill also allows students to use scores from nationally recognized assessments to opt out of the state test, with those scores then recorded for school records, and requires the state board to provide intervention strategies for underperforming schools.